Solar energy forms one of the cornerstones of clean alternate power solutions, and with the difficulties of fossil fuels growing larger by the day, may represent a viable solution to the world's energy problems. Its environmental impact constitutes one of its primary selling points, and the more effectively it can function, the better its chances of supplanting fossil fuels as our main source of energy. Though largely positive, the environmental impact of solar energy can be subtle and its overall effect should be carefully considered as our efforts to explore its potential move forward.
Carbon Emissions
The best thing about solar energy in terms of its environmental effects is that it produces almost no carbon emissions or greenhouse gases. It doesn't burn oil, it doesn't produce toxic waste, and its lack of moving parts reduces the chances of an environmentally devastating accident to nil. Indeed, the only pollutants which factor into solar power are those involved in the construction and transportation of its parts; that ranks it among the cleanest forms of energy on Earth. Implementing solar energy on a large scale would reduce its environmental footprint to a tiny fraction of its current levels.
Renewable Energy
Solar power is also environmentally advantageous because its energy supply never runs out. Sunlight will always shine upon the Earth and, as long as it does, hold energy which solar technology can exploit. Contrast this with fossil fuels such as coal or oil, which need to be mined or drilled and thus have a tremendous environmental impact, even in comparatively safe circumstances.
Abundant Components
The photovoltaic cells which constitute most solar energy systems are usually made of silicon, one of the most common minerals found on Earth. That means that creating the components is extremely easy, doesn't require mining or drilling in a dangerous locale to produce, and can be acquired without involvement in politically unstable areas such as the Middle East. The environmental effects of this are subtle but, because fewer resources are expended in the acquisition of silicon, its overall effect on the ecosystem is reduced.
Cadmium
Cadmium is used in cadmium telluride solar cells as a semiconductor to convert solar energy into electricity. Though used in very small amounts, it is extremely toxic and can build up in a given ecosystem if it isn't monitored. Firms which make this kind of solar cell often instigate recycling programs so that damaged or unusable cells don't inadvertently damage the surrounding environment.
Space Considerations
Solar panels are not as efficient as they could be -- one of the reasons why they have not been widely implemented yet. To capture appreciable amounts of energy, they require a large number of cells, which can take up a considerable amount of space. One practical solution is to mount the cells on a rooftop, which saves a lot of space while still allowing them maximum exposure to the sun. Large-scale solar farms still require a lot of room, however, and trees and bushes can't coexist with them lest they block sunlight from the receivers.
Tags: environmental impact, fossil fuels, solar energy, cells which, environmental effects, overall effect, solar energy
