Knowing where to find fossils is part of the work of paleontologists. These scientists study fossils through knowledge of geology and biology. Amateurs also hunt for fossils as a hobby, collecting specific types of fossils or fossils in general.
Whether amateur or professional, finding fossils is just as much an art as it is a science. Rocks that contain an abundance of fossils in one location may not hold any in another.
Where to Look
Look for locations where rock is exposed, such as quarries, places where earth has been moved for a road to go through, strip mines, cliffs, tailing from coal mines or gravel pits. An exposed clay hillside may have fossils.
Areas along water such as beaches, streams, rivers and lakes can be fossil sites, as can plowed fields and gardens.
Besides places around rock or clay, you can find fossils in other places. Amber, itself fossilized tree sap, preserves animal or plant remains, making them fossils. The La Brea tar pits hold multiple types of fossils.
Resources
The U.S. Geological Survey has maps which provide information on the location and age of uncovered rock. Departments such as geology, paleontology or biology at universities may also provide information. Fossil site information also is available in books that focus on the subject.
Rock Sources
You can find fossils in sedimentary rocks such as limestone, sandstone, shale and siltstone. Clay can also contain fossils.
Other types of stone generally are not known to have fossils. These include the igneous and metamorphic types, which have undergone pressurization and heat.
Tools
Once you find a site, you may have to break open rocks to reveal any fossils inside. The tools to do so include a small sledge hammer, small hammer, claw hammer, and chisels. You'll also need wrapping material such as cotton balls, tissue or newspaper.
Organizations
You can find organized groups for finding fossils at museums or as part of geology groups. Taking a science class at a local university may also provide an opportunity to find fossils through a class field activity.
Considerations
Museums and geology departments in universities have fossil collections. These can be beneficial for identifying fossils and learning more.
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