Rock collections can provide insight into how the earth was formed.
Rock collection projects provide a hand-on means of teaching geology to students. In addition to learning about different types of rocks, students can use scientific classification and identification practices in labeling and maintaining their collections. Projects using rock collections can be completed in or out of the classroom.
Rock Classification
Students can begin a rock collection with rocks found near their homes, at beaches or construction sites. Instruct students to collect 12 different rocks and label them. A small spot of nail polish on the bottom of a rock provides a means for the student to number the rock. Numbers should correspond with note cards that describe the rock's type, color, site location and date found. An empty egg carton makes an inexpensive collection case for the rocks, which can be grouped in the case by similarities.
Geodes
Geodes are a great addition to any rock collection. The intrigue of these crystallized rock formations is the drastic difference between how they look on the outside and on the inside. Begin the project by sharing a collection of geodes, including some that are cracked open and some that are still intact. Students can study the collection and compile data about the similarities in volume, mass and texture among the different geode types. Each student then receives his own geode to predict the inside appearance based on his research. Predictions should specify whether the geode will have large or small crystals and whether it will be hollow or filled. Crack the geodes open to compare the actual structure to the hypothesized results.
Fossils
Fossils are animal or plant remains preserved in rocks, and a few fossils can add new life to an existing rock collection. As part of a class rock collection project, instruct students to make fossils from leaves and plaster. The fossils can be created from leaf imprints to demonstrate how the fossil is formed. Share a collection of real fossils with the class and allow each student to choose one. Students can draw what they think the plant or animal looked like while it was alive. If practical, plan a field trip to a location to search for fossils as a class.
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