Oceanographers study the undersea world.
Oceanography is a fascinating field that requires a dedication to science and a willingness to perform cutting-edge research. With more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface covered by oceans -- much of it unexplored -- the potential for discovery never wanes.
Types
Oceanographers can choose from a variety of research paths. Subfields include ocean biology, or the study of sea plant and animal life; chemical oceanography, or the study of the chemical composition of ocean waters; geological oceanography, or the study of Earth's history using chemical and physical examination of ocean rocks and sediment. There's also physical oceanography, or the study of how oceans interact with the entire environment, and ocean engineering, or the design and maintenance of underwater research equipment.
Education
Depending on the subfield you choose, you'll need at least a bachelor's degree in a relevant discipline, according to the book "Career Opportunities in Science." Possible majors include biology, chemistry, physics, geology, engineering or oceanography itself. A master's degree or doctorate might not be necessary to land an entry-level job in the field, but advanced degrees might open up more career options. For example, a doctorate and postdoctoral experience are often the first steps to becoming a research scientist.
Skills and Attributes
Oceanographers must maintain research equipment, which could fail far from repair facilities during long-term research expeditions. Oceanographers also must be analytical thinkers, problem solvers, logical, thorough, self-reliant and adaptable, according to the book "Career Opportunities in Conservation and the Environment."
Ship Experience
If your career will involve research trips, shipboard experience will benefit you. For example, an ability to use GPS navigation systems, perform basic ship maintenance or pilot a vessel will stand you in good stead during deep-sea expeditions. These skills might be less important if you plan to perform lab-based or coastline research.
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