Plate tectonics is an area of geology that studies the movements of the Earth's plates.
Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that the Earth's crust is constantly moving. It can be difficult for students to understand how the Earth's plates operate, but using illustrative and interactive projects can help them grasp the concept more easily. These projects can be completed in the classroom or assigned as homework for students to complete on their own time.
Plate Movements
The idea that the continents use to be connected and that the Earth's surface is constantly moving can bewilder students. Showing them the concept of items moving without a visible force can better help them understand how the theory works. Place two pieces of paper on a flat surface so they overlap each other. Lay cutouts of two continents next to each other on top of the pieces of paper. Touching only the bottom pieces, pull the paper apart. Students can see how movement below the surface of the continents can cause the upper surface to move.
Fossil Studies
One line of evidence that supports the theory of plate tectonics is the discovery of similar fossils on places that are separated by oceans. A map of the world that lists the types of fossils found in the different areas can help students visually understand the idea that the continents were once connected. Also, photographs of the ocean fossils that exist on top of Mount Everest can help them grasp the idea that the area wasn't always as high in elevation, and was underwater at one time.
Mountain Formations
If students can understand how mountains are created they may then be able to see the crucial part tectonics plays in their formation. A lesson that describes continent-to-continent convergent plate boundaries can be further understood though an interactive exercise. Place modeling clay between two pieces of wood and slowly move them toward each other. As the pieces collide, the clay will begin to seep upward, thus illustrating how moving plate boundaries are necessary to form mountains.
Continental Puzzle
The continental drift theory was an idea introduced by Alfred Wegener in 1926. Though it came under a large amount of persecution, evidence supported his claim that the continents were at one time connected. Wegener's idea is still used as a line of evidence in support of plate tectonics, and is an excellent way to teach students the ideas behind plate movement. A puzzle of the continents can be made or purchased and will help illustrate the interlocking shapes of the continents, and how plate tectonics could cause them to separate.
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