Careers in geology reveal information about the Earth.
When some people think of geology, they might picture more than rocks. They may think of a classroom setting, since teaching is one of the better known jobs associated with geology. You might find it surprising, however, that the field of geology includes many different pursuits outside of teaching. Some people with geology degrees work far from any classroom. Geology is useful not only for learning about the history of the Earth, it also has practical applications in areas such as studying volcanoes and evaluating the effects of drought.
Volcanologist
According to Oregon State University, a volcanologist studies active, dead and dormant volcanoes. The goal is to understand how and why volcanic eruptions occur. A volcanologist also seeks to predict eruptions in order to warn the public so they can can leave danger zones when a volcano threatens. Without the input of a volcanologist, there would be little or no warning of impending eruptions.
As of 2010, no U.S. schools offered degree programs in volcanology. A high school student interested in this field should take classes such as algebra, trigonometry and geology. On the college level, a student must study geology, with courses such as petrology, geophysics and geochemistry. An aspiring volcanologist should also take courses in mathematics, physics and oceanography.
Volcanologists often find employment with universities, colleges, government agencies and research organizations.
Paleontologists
A paleontologist studies fossils to learn about the Earth's history. Fossils help determine what our planet was like when certain animals lived. According to the University of California Museum of Paleontology, a paleontologist can reconstruct past climates and environments using information learned from fossils. Paleontologists are also responsible for excavating and preserving fossils, reconstructing animal and plant species that lived millions of years ago. The spectacular dinosaur skeleton displays in famous museums, for example, originated in the work of paleontologists.
A high school student interested in paleontology is encouraged to take numerous science and math classes. The student also should study the subject and view fossil displays. Most colleges and universities offer paleontology as part of geology programs. Ideally, a college student interested in this field would receive a double major in biology and geology. Recommended classes include vertebrate zoology, genetics and invertebrate paleontology.
A paleontologist is likely to find work in a college or university. Museums and oil companies are also a source of employment.
Hydrologist
A hydrologist is concerned with water quality and adequate water supply. The USDA Living Science website states that problems from drought, floods and population overcrowding are also of interest to these scientists. A hydrologist generally focuses on water used for swimming, drinking, irrigation or industrial cooling.
College students interested in this field need courses such as meteorology, geology and fluid mechanics. Other recommended courses include microbiology, computer science and technical writing. High school students with an interest in hydrology are encouraged to take general science classes.
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