Earth is a dynamic and remarkable planet.
Earth science is the scientific analysis of the Earth and the different features that make up the planet. Because the Earth is a very dynamic and complex planet that features a thick atmosphere, vibrant oceans and interesting geologic activity, multiple branches exist within Earth science. A variety of activities are available for students to simultaneously learn Earth sciences and have fun.
Geology
Geology is the study of Earth's physical properties, its substance, as well as its history and the forces that affect it over time. Geologists study Earth's mineral and chemical makeup, rocks that make up its crust and the changing and shifting of these materials. A fun activity would be to take a field trip to a geologic hotspot, such as a place that is known for having exposed fossils, or that features numerous rock types and formations, and have students record what they observe.
Meteorology
Meteorology is the study of the Earth's atmosphere, and how shifting conditions change weather patterns. A fun outside activity would be to take simple meteorological readings using a barometer, a thermometer, an evaporimeter and a wind vane, on different days over the span of a semester or school year. Students could then record and compare this information to track how the atmosphere shifts during seasons. For a more complicated activity, students could build and use a weather balloon.
Oceanography
Oceanography analyzes the composition of Earth's oceans, their history, the forces acting upon them and the creatures that live there. A fun activity would be to take water samples from an ocean. Students could then look at these samples under a microscope and record what they see, or conduct tests on oxygen, pollution and acidity levels of the samples. Another outside activity could feature a detailed study of a sea creature, like a starfish, in its native habitat. Each student could then make a presentation to the class about marine topic observations.
Astronomy
Astronomy is the study of space. Because Earth and space are intricately tied together, astronomy can also explain occurrences on Earth; for example, the moon drives the tides, and a meteor that hits the Earth deposits materials. Fun outside activities would be to watch a meteor shower, look at the surface of the moon through a telescope, or safely observe a solar or lunar eclipse. Students could then research and create a project about their observations.
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